I've been thinking about this some more:
If an OEM1 Axle Plate is used, then the rear hub will have to be pushed to the front of the drop out, because the distance from the mid-point of the axle to the end of the anchoring stub is ~35mm, and once the radius of the axle is added that will take up all the available 40mm length of the drop out.
If the two forward faces of the LH and RH drop outs were not sufficiently square and the wheel were slightly out of alignment as a result, then:
- if the face of the RH drop out were slightly further forward than the LH drop out, a
Surly Tuggnut could be used on the RH drop out to correct that and provide fine tuning. (I've just measured the Surly Tuggnut on my fixed gear bike, and it looks like it would just fit, i.e. by my measurement it can accommodate a distance of up to 36mm from the rear faces of the drop out/track end to the centre of the hub axle).
- if the face of the LH drop out were slightly further forward than the RH drop out, then I would try adding some extra layers of paint to correct that. I don't think a tug nut, Surly or otherwise, could be used on the LH drop out because it would foul on the stub of the OEM1 Axle Plate.
It might also be advisable to anticipate what clearance there would be between the chosen tyre and the mudguard behind the seat tube and bottom bracket if the wheel is as far forward as it will go in the drop out. Obviously, this will depend upon choice of tyres, mudguard and even wheel size (the Longitude is designed to be used with both 27.5+ tyres, i.e. 2.8" or wider, as well as 29"). Reohn2 has an older model Longitude, but might still be able to advise on mudguard clearance assuming the chainstay length is the same.
If an OEM2 is used, then again I would probably use a Surly Tuggnut on the RH drop out to fine tune wheel alignment, and also to prevent the wheel being pulled forward in the RH drop out under high torque pedalling in the lowest gears.
My personal preference would be to use a 21 tooth rear sprocket with a 42 tooth Surly stainless chainring (assuming that size would not foul on the chainstay), either the
110mm BCD version on a Spa TD-2 chainset, or the
130mm BCD version on an RD-2 chainset. IME a 122.5mm UN55 bottom bracket combined with the TD-2 or RD-2 should give the required chainline for a Rohloff fitted with the current standard splined sprocket carrier.