Road pricing - pay per mile

PH
Posts: 14147
Joined: 21 Jan 2007, 12:31am
Location: Derby
Contact:

Re: Road pricing - pay per mile

Post by PH »

basingstoke123 wrote: 22 Oct 2024, 11:28pm Yes, we all make choices. However, there are often compromises as well, and situations change. Jobs no longer last for ever. Moving house will not be something that many people will do if they are within reasonable driving distance for a new job. Moving is expensive. There are often other considerations such as schooling, spouse or partner's work, non-work activities.
We do make choices, the problem is it's future generations who will suffer the consequences if we make the wrong ones. Do what you want, I'm not making it personal, I'm not optimistic the changes I believe need to be made have any chance of being made.
I spent a chunk of my childhood living in a small village (pop 1,200), but everything we needed day to day was within five miles, shop, primary school, pub, doctors, garage. My dad would go into town for the market each week, I don't remember the rest of us going into town very often till we started secondary school and were collected by a minibus. I doubt you'd find a UK village with so little car movement now, and that's largely a result of individual choices.
Carlton green
Posts: 4835
Joined: 22 Jun 2019, 12:27pm

Re: Road pricing - pay per mile

Post by Carlton green »

Stevek76 wrote: 23 Oct 2024, 9:54am None of the policy proposals discussed above 'penalise' rural people. Better capture of externalised costs from car use is primarily penalising car use in congested built up areas. Bizarre that this myth of penalising rural people crops up every time something like this gets mentioned.
There’s been quite a lot discussed. I’d suggest that charging a flat rate per mile and charging higher fuel duty would disproportionately hit (penalise) rural dwellers. Earlier I suggested that structured changes to society was what was needed to enable people to live without the need for excess travel. I’d agree that capturing the externalised costs in urban areas makes sense but note that folk travel there too to get to work, etc. Only by structuring society to readily enable local working can the necessity to travel be removed.

As I write the image of a local primary school comes to mind, the building was shut many years ago and goodness knows where children from that community go now. As a primary school aged child I walked - and sometimes bussed - myself to school, society would now not allow that now.
Don’t fret, it’s OK to: ride a simple old bike; ride slowly, walk, rest and admire the view; ride off-road; ride in your raincoat; ride by yourself; ride in the dark; and ride one hundred yards or one hundred miles. Your bike and your choices to suit you.
rareposter
Posts: 3308
Joined: 27 Aug 2014, 2:40pm

Re: Road pricing - pay per mile

Post by rareposter »

Carlton green wrote: 24 Oct 2024, 6:20am I’d suggest that charging a flat rate per mile and charging higher fuel duty would disproportionately hit (penalise) rural dwellers.
Simply raising fuel duty (as has been suggested by a couple of people on here) would indeed penalise those who have to drive a fair way to access services.

On the other hand, the whole point of road pricing is that it does not have to be a flat rate per mile. It'd be easy to give a daily or weekly free mileage allowance to 'rural dwellers' (although this is being talked about as though there are millions of people stranded hundreds of miles from anywhere and, in the UK at least, that's not the case at all...)

And the pricing can fluctuate - if you want to drive a short distance at 8am (ie the school run), it'll charge you more per mile than driving a longer distance outside of peak time.

Price fluctuation to manage demand (or maximise profits) is nothing new, train tickets operate that way.

I mean, can you imagine if we ran the roads the same way? There's a certain number of motorway slots available for booking, if you book your slot 6 weeks in advance it'll be 50p but if you want to drive next day, that'll be £20... Oh you want a return? Yes you can only return at 4.45pm, the 4.30 and 5pm slots are both full. Also, you have to change at Watford Gap.
Carlton green
Posts: 4835
Joined: 22 Jun 2019, 12:27pm

Re: Road pricing - pay per mile

Post by Carlton green »

rareposter wrote: 24 Oct 2024, 6:42am
Carlton green wrote: 24 Oct 2024, 6:20am I’d suggest that charging a flat rate per mile and charging higher fuel duty would disproportionately hit (penalise) rural dwellers.
Simply raising fuel duty (as has been suggested by a couple of people on here) would indeed penalise those who have to drive a fair way to access services.

On the other hand, the whole point of road pricing is that it does not have to be a flat rate per mile. It'd be easy to give a daily or weekly free mileage allowance to 'rural dwellers' (although this is being talked about as though there are millions of people stranded hundreds of miles from anywhere and, in the UK at least, that's not the case at all...)

And the pricing can fluctuate - if you want to drive a short distance at 8am (ie the school run), it'll charge you more per mile than driving a longer distance outside of peak time.

Price fluctuation to manage demand (or maximise profits) is nothing new, train tickets operate that way.

I mean, can you imagine if we ran the roads the same way? There's a certain number of motorway slots available for booking, if you book your slot 6 weeks in advance it'll be 50p but if you want to drive next day, that'll be £20... Oh you want a return? Yes you can only return at 4.45pm, the 4.30 and 5pm slots are both full. Also, you have to change at Watford Gap.
I don’t believe in dynamic road pricing as such because the rich will do as they choose and commerce will simply push their costs onto their customers. The poor and middle income earners will be disproportionately squeezed. Rationing is complex and open to abuse, but it’s still arguably the fairest way forward. Variable charging structures, for distance and road type might work but (being based on money) it’s still socially unjust.

As I’ve earlier pointed out school runs are a right pain and typically folk who do them are managing logistics. Timed travel seems fine but hours of work - and school too - are often fixed and hence rush hours. There are no easy and good solutions left, but I have suggested many more complex ones that could well work.

On this thread we have talked about externalities. One of the externalities of centralising services (like schools and medical care) is that it forces users to travel further. Rather than seemingly - and sometimes justifiably - blaming individual choices we also need to restructure society.
Don’t fret, it’s OK to: ride a simple old bike; ride slowly, walk, rest and admire the view; ride off-road; ride in your raincoat; ride by yourself; ride in the dark; and ride one hundred yards or one hundred miles. Your bike and your choices to suit you.
rareposter
Posts: 3308
Joined: 27 Aug 2014, 2:40pm

Re: Road pricing - pay per mile

Post by rareposter »

Carlton green wrote: 24 Oct 2024, 7:30am I don’t believe in dynamic road pricing as such because the rich will do as they choose and commerce will simply push their costs onto their customers. The poor and middle income earners will be disproportionately squeezed. Rationing is complex and open to abuse, but it’s still arguably the fairest way forward. Variable charging structures, for distance and road type might work but (being based on money) it’s still socially unjust.
I'm not really disagreeing as such but Transport Related Social Exclusion (TRSE) is already a thing - quite a major thing - and the rich already do what they want because they can afford big SUVs and domestic flights and expensive train travel.

There are several factors to address:
1. the loss of revenue to Government via fuel duty due to less fuel being sold as more people move to EVs / hybrids etc.
2. there are too many cars on the roads, often doing short journeys at peak times, and that causes congestion, pollution, road damage, crashes etc plus other less obvious factors like lack of physical exercise.
3. Driving is already heavily subsidised - drivers do not pay anything close to the full costs of externalities.

(1) needs addressing by some other form of taxation.
You could increase VED, apply it to EV as well as ICE but that's just a one-off payment and doesn't alter based on how much you drive.
You could do some form of congestion charging as already happens in London but that really only applies to cities.
You could do a mileage-based charge applied at MOT although that does nothing to solve congestion issues and *when* people are actually driving or what journeys they're doing.
Or you could do some form of road pricing - demand responsive, varies by route / distance / time of day or an insurance cost based on when you're driving and on what roads. All those options are already used in other countries and in the UK there are routes such as the M6 Toll which has a variable pricing structure - it's pretty basic but it's still higher in peak than off-peak.

(2) needs addressing by a combination of your idea of restructuring society to minimise the amount of driving required (a very long term solution indeed but definitely do-able as seen on smaller scale in cities such as Barcelona and Paris). But in the short term, it needs some form of stick / carrot to penalise people for driving in busy peak times and reward them for driving in quieter off-peak times.

The key issue is that at the moment, every other form of transport is based on exactly that. Demand management. Rush hour train into town costs more than off-peak. A flight taken at half term costs more than the same flight taken during term-time. An Uber from a busy concert costs more than the same distance journey from a quiet restaurant. Even your electricity tariff charges you more for electricity during peak times.
But driving is not like that - you can get into your car at any time of day or night and drive for as long as you want and the only pricing variable in that is that on long journeys you'll use more fuel. It does nothing to address the externalities. Maybe the vast queues of slow-moving traffic down to Cornwall on Bank Holiday weekends could be mitigated significantly if it was £5 to drive down overnight but £200 to drive down during the day...

And alongside that, active travel, bus and train options need to be significantly cheaper and more attractive than they currently are...
Bmblbzzz
Posts: 7142
Joined: 18 May 2012, 7:56pm
Location: From here to there.

Re: Road pricing - pay per mile

Post by Bmblbzzz »

Carlton green wrote: 24 Oct 2024, 6:20am As a primary school aged child I walked - and sometimes bussed - myself to school, society would now not allow that now.
Not so. My son was one of many who at his primary school who walked to school unaccompanied from the age of maybe 9. About ten years ago.
Bmblbzzz
Posts: 7142
Joined: 18 May 2012, 7:56pm
Location: From here to there.

Re: Road pricing - pay per mile

Post by Bmblbzzz »

I doubt you'd find a UK village with so little car movement now, and that's largely a result of individual choices.
The same could be said of any town or city. But is it individual choices? Yes, many individuals have made the choices which, over decades, have created the car-dependent society we now live in. But they've made those choices in the framework of society created by government policies and the decisions of corporations (in this case, not only car manufacturers but also civil engineers, the oil and gas sector, retail, and others). Or to put it another way: the individuals who count are not necessarily the ones in that village, they're the ones in the boardrooms and cabinet meetings.
Jdsk
Posts: 28057
Joined: 5 Mar 2019, 5:42pm

Re: Road pricing - pay per mile

Post by Jdsk »

Bmblbzzz wrote: 24 Oct 2024, 9:18am
Carlton green wrote: 24 Oct 2024, 6:20am As a primary school aged child I walked - and sometimes bussed - myself to school, society would now not allow that now.
Not so. My son was one of many who at his primary school who walked to school unaccompanied from the age of maybe 9. About ten years ago.
Quite right. I have an 11 yr old grandchild who goes to school on a public bus. And walked home unaccompanied from a previous school.

Jonathan
Jdsk
Posts: 28057
Joined: 5 Mar 2019, 5:42pm

Re: Road pricing - pay per mile

Post by Jdsk »

rareposter wrote: 24 Oct 2024, 8:34am ...
There are several factors to address:
1. the loss of revenue to Government via fuel duty due to less fuel being sold as more people move to EVs / hybrids etc.
2. there are too many cars on the roads, often doing short journeys at peak times, and that causes congestion, pollution, road damage, crashes etc plus other less obvious factors like lack of physical exercise.
3. Driving is already heavily subsidised - drivers do not pay anything close to the full costs of externalities.

(1) needs addressing by some other form of taxation.
You could increase VED, apply it to EV as well as ICE but that's just a one-off payment and doesn't alter based on how much you drive.
You could do some form of congestion charging as already happens in London but that really only applies to cities.
You could do a mileage-based charge applied at MOT although that does nothing to solve congestion issues and *when* people are actually driving or what journeys they're doing.
Or you could do some form of road pricing - demand responsive, varies by route / distance / time of day or an insurance cost based on when you're driving and on what roads. All those options are already used in other countries and in the UK there are routes such as the M6 Toll which has a variable pricing structure - it's pretty basic but it's still higher in peak than off-peak.

(2) needs addressing by a combination of your idea of restructuring society to minimise the amount of driving required (a very long term solution indeed but definitely do-able as seen on smaller scale in cities such as Barcelona and Paris). But in the short term, it needs some form of stick / carrot to penalise people for driving in busy peak times and reward them for driving in quieter off-peak times.

The key issue is that at the moment, every other form of transport is based on exactly that. Demand management. Rush hour train into town costs more than off-peak. A flight taken at half term costs more than the same flight taken during term-time. An Uber from a busy concert costs more than the same distance journey from a quiet restaurant. Even your electricity tariff charges you more for electricity during peak times.
But driving is not like that - you can get into your car at any time of day or night and drive for as long as you want and the only pricing variable in that is that on long journeys you'll use more fuel. It does nothing to address the externalities. Maybe the vast queues of slow-moving traffic down to Cornwall on Bank Holiday weekends could be mitigated significantly if it was £5 to drive down overnight but £200 to drive down during the day...

And alongside that, active travel, bus and train options need to be significantly cheaper and more attractive than they currently are...
Thankyou for these realistic comments on the subject of road pricing on the UK in the near future. And especially on where flexible charging for road use could help to meet the objectives.

Jonathan
Last edited by Jdsk on 24 Oct 2024, 10:42am, edited 1 time in total.
Jdsk
Posts: 28057
Joined: 5 Mar 2019, 5:42pm

Re: Road pricing - pay per mile

Post by Jdsk »

What this is really about is the burning of petrol and diesel and the emissions, particles and greenhouse gases it generates. The answer is obvious - tax fuel. Congestion, brake dust, tyre wear being reduced is a secondary benefit. Gas guzzlers take the biggest hit.
The IFS estimate of the relative costs of those disbenefits:

Screenshot 2024-10-24 at 10.33.46.png
https://ifs.org.uk/books/road-map-motoring-taxation

Jonathan
Carlton green
Posts: 4835
Joined: 22 Jun 2019, 12:27pm

Re: Road pricing - pay per mile

Post by Carlton green »

Jdsk wrote: 24 Oct 2024, 10:25am
Bmblbzzz wrote: 24 Oct 2024, 9:18am
Carlton green wrote: 24 Oct 2024, 6:20am As a primary school aged child I walked - and sometimes bussed - myself to school, society would now not allow that now.
Not so. My son was one of many who at his primary school who walked to school unaccompanied from the age of maybe 9. About ten years ago.
Quite right. I have an 11 yr old grandchild who goes to school on a public bus. And walked home unaccompanied from a previous school.

Jonathan
In my community, and I assume many others too, only the year six (age 10 - 11) primary school children are allowed (by the school) to travel by themselves. Other ages are not allowed to leave the classroom without an adult collecting them. Perhaps I should have made it clear that from about aged six I walked myself to infants school - and was glad to have that independence. It was once common for young children to play outside by themselves and to find their way about locally, I certainly did.
Don’t fret, it’s OK to: ride a simple old bike; ride slowly, walk, rest and admire the view; ride off-road; ride in your raincoat; ride by yourself; ride in the dark; and ride one hundred yards or one hundred miles. Your bike and your choices to suit you.
PH
Posts: 14147
Joined: 21 Jan 2007, 12:31am
Location: Derby
Contact:

Re: Road pricing - pay per mile

Post by PH »

rareposter wrote: 24 Oct 2024, 8:34am the M6 Toll which has a variable pricing structure - it's pretty basic but it's still higher in peak than off-peak.
Not wishing to detract from the points you've made, but that is no longer the case. I don't know the reasons for the change, but the M6 toll has been flat rate since last year.
rareposter
Posts: 3308
Joined: 27 Aug 2014, 2:40pm

Re: Road pricing - pay per mile

Post by rareposter »

PH wrote: 24 Oct 2024, 11:13am
rareposter wrote: 24 Oct 2024, 8:34am the M6 Toll which has a variable pricing structure - it's pretty basic but it's still higher in peak than off-peak.
Not wishing to detract from the points you've made, but that is no longer the case. I don't know the reasons for the change, but the M6 toll has been flat rate since last year.
Ah yes, of course, they introduced a new payment provider. Rather than using a TAG as in the previous way there are now ANPR-linked cameras and an online account. You get cheaper rates using that as well as a priority lane without barriers.

You can still pay (slightly more) using any credit or debit card and going via a toll booth. Attempting to go via the priority lane without an account results in a large fine!

Thanks for reminding me!
axel_knutt
Posts: 3741
Joined: 11 Jan 2007, 12:20pm

Re: Road pricing - pay per mile

Post by axel_knutt »

In these sorts of debates one of the most common things you hear is “I have to have a car in order to do x, or y”, and what commonly gets forgotten is that in the days before cars nobody even expected to be able to do x, and y is only necessary because we’ve spent eighty years designing society around the car. People now expect to go for whatever job they want and travel as far as they like to get it, in the past people took it for granted that they’d spend their working life at the business at the end of the street where they live. Employers even used to build villages for their employees, ironically, my father used to commute 5 miles by car to a village that had originally been built by his employer. Undoing decades of history is nigh on impossible though, imagine if we suddenly discovered that cancer and dementia are caused by electricity, how much enthusiasm would there be for closing down all the power stations?
Stevek76 wrote: 23 Oct 2024, 9:54amFacilities disappearing in villages is entirely an outcome of residents of those villages using their increased mobility from increased car access to preferably patronise facilities in larger settlements. Exactly the same grumbles you get about local high streets even in urban areas. People grumble about the state of their local high street but only a minority of those were still actually trying to use, the rest were just driving to the supermarket whilst still grumbling that their local bakery/grocer have closed. :roll:
I live in Braintree, a town of 40,000, and yet apart from groceries, I used to do all my shopping either in Chelmsford during my dinner hour, or drive 15 miles to Colchester, because that's where the best choice was. Even after I gave up driving I would still cycle to Chelmsford or Colchester rather than shop here, because choice has been an expectation I took for granted. It’s only fairly recently that I discovered the paradox of choice, and the damage it can do to the individual as well as society as a whole.

The problem with getting people to give up anything is that people feel the pain of a loss more that the pleasure of an equivalent gain. On the one hand, this ‘discovery’ was a sufficient revelation for economists to earn Kahneman a Nobel prize, on the other hand it’s something we all sort of understood intuitively with the phrase “You don’t miss what you’ve never had”. Getting people to voluntarily give up what they’ve got is going to be nigh on impossible. I gave up driving first by force, then voluntarily: I got used to doing without a car because I lost my licence, then decided not to put it back on the road because I realised that I didn’t really need it.

I don’t think people will accept they can manage without a car unless they’re forced to, and that then just raises a whole new can of worms about democracy and how you get people to vote for what they don’t want.

That brings us to another well-worn argument: “We don’t need bigger government curbing our freedom even more”. This usually comes from someone whose freedoms only impose costs on others, whilst the others who bear those costs often have little or no freedom themselves, either through poverty or the burden of the costs others impose.
Carlton green wrote: 24 Oct 2024, 7:30amI don’t believe in dynamic road pricing as such because the rich will do as they choose and commerce will simply push their costs onto their customers. The poor and middle income earners will be disproportionately squeezed. Rationing is complex and open to abuse, but it’s still arguably the fairest way forward. Variable charging structures, for distance and road type might work but (being based on money) it’s still socially unjust.

As I’ve earlier pointed out school runs are a right pain and typically folk who do them are managing logistics. Timed travel seems fine but hours of work - and school too - are often fixed and hence rush hours. There are no easy and good solutions left, but I have suggested many more complex ones that could well work.

On this thread we have talked about externalities. One of the externalities of centralising services (like schools and medical care) is that it forces users to travel further. Rather than seemingly - and sometimes justifiably - blaming individual choices we also need to restructure society.
Whatever the pricing system there needs to be an element of progression such that those who use most pay a higher rate than those who use least, otherwise, without any progression it will be the poor or frugal who have to cut down more than the rich and profligate. School runs are an ideal use for public transport: a lot of customers all at one predictable time. Tax rebates paid to postcodes with no bus service could help alleviate the problem, and give government an incentive to subsidise more buses.
Bmblbzzz wrote: 24 Oct 2024, 9:22am
I doubt you'd find a UK village with so little car movement now, and that's largely a result of individual choices.
The same could be said of any town or city. But is it individual choices? Yes, many individuals have made the choices which, over decades, have created the car-dependent society we now live in. But they've made those choices in the framework of society created by government policies and the decisions of corporations (in this case, not only car manufacturers but also civil engineers, the oil and gas sector, retail, and others). Or to put it another way: the individuals who count are not necessarily the ones in that village, they're the ones in the boardrooms and cabinet meetings.
This is exacerbated all the more by the popular view that it’s not government’s job to govern any more, with successive governments putting all the responsibility on the individual to make the right choices as a means of shifting the blame.
Jdsk wrote: 24 Oct 2024, 10:34am The IFS estimate of the relative costs of those disbenefits:
Even this is an immensely complicated can of worms, to start with you have to decide which costs get acknowledged as costs, and then there's the problem of quantifying them in terms on money, which is the only metric we have that can provide a common unit for comparing differing concepts against one another. John Adams spends a whole chapter in his book 'Risk' covering the difficulties of monetizing risk, and you get totally different costs depending on whether you use Willingness to Accept (WTA) or Willingness to Pay (WTP) as the starting premise for your calculations, a choice which is fundamentally arbitrary and subjective.

A little old lady has lived all her life in thatched cottage in a meadow by the river, then one day along comes a grey suit who tells her he wants to bulldoze her cottage to build a new supermarket. What's the cost? Does the lady have to pay £50m compensation to go away and build it elsewhere, or does the contractor pay the old lady £500k for the cottage? Is the value of the cottage £500k, or is it priceless, as the lady insists? You can't put infinity in a spreadsheet, so does the lady get a veto?

Two men on a train: one's a chain smoker, the other has chronic lung disease. Does the smoker get his fags out and pay compensation for the loss of clean air, or does the other pay compensation for the loss of smoking pleasure? The answer all depends on whether there's a "No Smoking" sticker on the carriage window or not, an essentially subjective start point that has no monetary value. What if the non smoker can't tolerate smoke at any price? What if he has no money to pay compensation to the smoker?

What is the price of total loss of a habitable planet?
“I'm not upset that you lied to me, I'm upset that from now on I can't believe you.”
― Friedrich Nietzsche
Carlton green
Posts: 4835
Joined: 22 Jun 2019, 12:27pm

Re: Road pricing - pay per mile

Post by Carlton green »

Jdsk wrote: 24 Oct 2024, 10:34am
What this is really about is the burning of petrol and diesel and the emissions, particles and greenhouse gases it generates. The answer is obvious - tax fuel. Congestion, brake dust, tyre wear being reduced is a secondary benefit. Gas guzzlers take the biggest hit.
The IFS estimate of the relative costs of those disbenefits:


Screenshot 2024-10-24 at 10.33.46.png
https://ifs.org.uk/books/road-map-motoring-taxation

Jonathan
Thanks, that’s a very interesting chart.

My small Town has many new houses in it and continues to have new houses added to it, similar is happening all over the country. Mostly the local roads are still free flowing but as one approaches the nearest city traffic stacks up and particularly so in rush hour (rather too near grid-lock). My conclusion is that rural Towns shouldn’t have new housing estates dumped in them (‘cause they’re only filled with commuters) and that instead Cities need to both expand and get their act together with regard to traffic flow (probably by allowing less vehicles on some of their roads and encouraging both public transport use and active travel).

At one time I used to live in Swindon and whilst it has its faults one thing it did do was plan. There were parks, there were cycleways and places of work were near to where people could choose to live. There was a mix of house size in developments, some were actually good sized homes and not too far from places of work. It’s possible to build communities within cities that have most of what you need close by and we should be demanding that those that daily commute either live near to where they work or don’t use their car to get there. Of course that’s idealist but it’s a direction of travel and actually has historical roots.

When I was a child we lived not far from a major hospital. The consultants lived in posher houses a some way from us but were expected to live with close range of the hospital - on the end of a phone and come in now (out of normal hours) ‘cause there’s an emergency. We need to get back to such days where people, particularly well off folk, lived in nice houses near to where they worked.

Edit. ^^ excellent post from axel_knutt .
Last edited by Carlton green on 24 Oct 2024, 1:58pm, edited 2 times in total.
Don’t fret, it’s OK to: ride a simple old bike; ride slowly, walk, rest and admire the view; ride off-road; ride in your raincoat; ride by yourself; ride in the dark; and ride one hundred yards or one hundred miles. Your bike and your choices to suit you.
Post Reply